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-Abstract+===== Eleni Gregoromichelaki – Natural languages as distributed action systems ===== 
 + 
 +== Abstract ==
  
 In this talk, I present a view of natural language (NL) which is compatible with an account of perception called actionism [Noë, 2012] and a view of action optimisation as conceived in the Skilled Intentionality Framework (e.g., [Bruineberg et al., 2018, Bruineberg and Rietveld, 2014]). I will outline a view of NL “syntax” and a programme for semantics/pragmatics assuming that NL interactions are realisations of distributed social cognition mechanisms. This view conceives of NLs as processes orchestrating the interacting agents’ behaviour patterns as they dynamically establish and follow normative standards that emerge synchronically and diachronically during social interactions (cf. [Rączaszek-Leonardi, 2010]). This contrasts with orthodox static accounts where NLs are investigated as codes, i.e., sign systems registering synchronic correspondences between representational levels. In this talk, I present a view of natural language (NL) which is compatible with an account of perception called actionism [Noë, 2012] and a view of action optimisation as conceived in the Skilled Intentionality Framework (e.g., [Bruineberg et al., 2018, Bruineberg and Rietveld, 2014]). I will outline a view of NL “syntax” and a programme for semantics/pragmatics assuming that NL interactions are realisations of distributed social cognition mechanisms. This view conceives of NLs as processes orchestrating the interacting agents’ behaviour patterns as they dynamically establish and follow normative standards that emerge synchronically and diachronically during social interactions (cf. [Rączaszek-Leonardi, 2010]). This contrasts with orthodox static accounts where NLs are investigated as codes, i.e., sign systems registering synchronic correspondences between representational levels.
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 Modelling of such resources in grammars can only take a constraint-based formulation to avoid wellknown intractability issues like the frame-problem (see, e.g., Bickhard [2001]; cf Rączaszek-Leonardi et al. [2018]). I will present a model (DS-TTR, e.g., Kempson et al. [2001], Gregoromichelaki et al. [2020a]) that provides a way of capturing the continuities in the processing of (joint) linguistic and physical actions by relying on the goal-directed, predictive, and distributed nature of cognition. Modelling of such resources in grammars can only take a constraint-based formulation to avoid wellknown intractability issues like the frame-problem (see, e.g., Bickhard [2001]; cf Rączaszek-Leonardi et al. [2018]). I will present a model (DS-TTR, e.g., Kempson et al. [2001], Gregoromichelaki et al. [2020a]) that provides a way of capturing the continuities in the processing of (joint) linguistic and physical actions by relying on the goal-directed, predictive, and distributed nature of cognition.
  
-References+== References == 
 + 
 +    - Mark H Bickhard. Why Children Don’t Have to Solve the Frame Problems: Cognitive Representations Are Not Encodings. Developmental Review, 21(2):224–262, June 2001. ISSN 0273-2297. doi: 10.1006/drev.2000.0521. 
 +    - Jelle Bruineberg and Erik Rietveld. Self-organization, free energy minimization, and optimal grip on a field of affordances. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8:599, 2014. ISSN 1662-5161. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00599. 
 +    - Jelle Bruineberg, Erik Rietveld, Thomas Parr, Leendert van Maanen, and Karl J Friston. Free-energy minimization in joint agent-environment systems: A niche construction perspective. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 455:161–178, October 2018. ISSN 0022-5193. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.07.002. 
 +    - Arash Eshghi, Chris Howes, and Eleni Gregoromichelaki. Action Coordination and Learning in Dialogue. In Probabilistic Approaches to Linguistic Theory. to appear. 
 +    - Eleni Gregoromichelaki. Grammar as action in language and music. In M. Orwin, R. Kempson, and C. Howes, editors, Language, music and interaction, pages 93–134. College Publications, 2013. 
 +    - Eleni Gregoromichelaki. Quotation in Dialogue. In Paul Saka and Michael Johnson, editors, The Semantics and Pragmatics of Quotation, Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy & Psychology, pages 195–255. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2018. ISBN 978-3-319-68747-6. doi: 10.1007/978-⊂3-⊂319-⊂68747-⊂6_8. 
 +    - Eleni Gregoromichelaki and Ruth Kempson. Procedural syntax. In R. Carston, B. Clark, and K. Scott, editors, Relevance. CUP, 2018. 
 +    - Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Ruth Kempson, Matthew Purver, Greg J. Mills, Ronnie Cann, Wilfried Meyer-Viol, and Patrick G. T. Healey. Incrementality and intention-recognition in utterance processing. Dialogue and Discourse, 2(1):199–233, 2011. 
 +    - Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Christine Howes, and Ruth Kempson. Actionism in Syntax and Semantics. In Dialogue and Perception. CLASP Papers in Computational linguistics, 2019. 
 +    - Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Stergios Chatzikyriakidis, Arash Eshghi, Julian Hough, Christine Howes, Ruth Kempson, Jieun Kiaer, Matthew Purver, Mehrnoosh Sadrzadeh, and Graham White. Affordance Competition in Dialogue: The Case of Syntactic Universals. In Proceedings of SemDial (WatchDial2020), page 16, 2020a. 
 +    - Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Gregory James Mills, Christine Howes, Arash Eshghi, Stergios Chatzikyriakidis, Matthew Purver, Ruth Kempson, Ronnie Cann, and Patrick G. T. Healey. Completability vs (In)Completeness. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia, 52(2):260–284, July 2020b. ISSN 0374-0463. doi: 10.1080/03740463.2020.1795549. 
 +    - Harry Heft. Affordances and the Body: An Intentional Analysis of Gibson’s Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 19(1):1–30, 1989. ISSN 1468-5914. 
 +    - Edwin Hutchins. Enculturating the Supersized Mind. Philosophical Studies, 152(3):437–446, February 2011. ISSN 1573-0883. doi: 10.1007/s11098-⊂010-⊂9599-⊂8. 
 +   - Ruth Kempson, Wilfried Meyer-Viol, and Dov Gabbay. Dynamic Syntax. Blackwell, 2001. 
 +    - Gregory Mills and Eleni Gregoromichelaki. Establishing coherence in dialogue: sequentiality, intentions and negotiation. In Proceedings of SemDial (PozDial), 2010. 
 +    - Gregory Mills, Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Chris Howes, and Vladislav Maraev. Influencing Laughter with AI-mediated Communication. Interaction Studies, to appear. 
 +    - Alva Noë. Varieties of Presence. Harvard University Press, February 2012. ISBN 978-0-674-06301-3. 
 +    - Erik Rietveld, Damiaan Denys, and Maarten Van Westen. Ecological-Enactive Cognition as engaging with a field of relevant affordances. In The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition, page 41. Oxford University Press, 2018. 
 +    - Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi. Multiple Time-Scales of Language Dynamics: An Example From Psycholinguistics. Ecological Psychology, 22(4):269–285, October 2010. ISSN 1040-7413. doi: 10.1080/10407413.2010.517111. 
 +    - Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi and Iris Nomikou. Beyond mechanistic interaction: Value-based constraints on meaning in language. Frontiers in Psychology, 6:1579, 2015. ISSN 1664-1078. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01579. 
 +    - Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi and J. A. Scott Kelso. Reconciling symbolic and dynamic aspects of language: Toward a dynamic psycholinguistics. New Ideas in Psychology, 26(2):193–207, August 2008. ISSN 0732-118X. doi: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2007.07.003. 
 +    - Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi, Iris Nomikou, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. Young Children’s Dialogical Actions: The Beginnings of Purposeful Intersubjectivity. IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development, 5(3):210–221, September 2013. ISSN 1943-0612. doi: 10.1109/TAMD.2013.2273258. 
 +    - Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi, Agnieszka Dębska, and Adam Sochanowicz. Pooling the ground: Understanding and coordination in collective sense making. Frontiers in Psychology, 5:1233, 2014. ISSN 1664-1078. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01233. 
 +    - Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi, Iris Nomikou, Katharina J. Rohlfing, and Terrence W. Deacon. Language Development From an Ecological Perspective: Ecologically Valid Ways to Abstract Symbols. Ecological Psychology, 30(1):39–73, January 2018. ISSN 1040-7413. doi: 10.1080/10407413.2017.1410387.  
 +     
 +-----
  
-    Mark H Bickhard. Why Children Don’t Have to Solve the Frame Problems: Cognitive Representations Are Not Encodings. Developmental Review, 21(2):224–262, June 2001. ISSN 0273-2297. doi: 10.1006/drev.2000.0521. +~~DISCUSSION~~
-    Jelle Bruineberg and Erik Rietveld. Self-organization, free energy minimization, and optimal grip on a field of affordances. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8:599, 2014. ISSN 1662-5161. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00599. +
-    Jelle Bruineberg, Erik Rietveld, Thomas Parr, Leendert van Maanen, and Karl J Friston. Free-energy minimization in joint agent-environment systems: A niche construction perspective. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 455:161–178, October 2018. ISSN 0022-5193. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.07.002. +
-    Arash Eshghi, Chris Howes, and Eleni Gregoromichelaki. Action Coordination and Learning in Dialogue. In Probabilistic Approaches to Linguistic Theory. to appear. +
-    Eleni Gregoromichelaki. Grammar as action in language and music. In M. Orwin, R. Kempson, and C. Howes, editors, Language, music and interaction, pages 93–134. College Publications, 2013. +
-    Eleni Gregoromichelaki. Quotation in Dialogue. In Paul Saka and Michael Johnson, editors, The Semantics and Pragmatics of Quotation, Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy & Psychology, pages 195–255. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2018. ISBN 978-3-319-68747-6. doi: 10.1007/978-⊂3-⊂319-⊂68747-⊂6_8. +
-    Eleni Gregoromichelaki and Ruth Kempson. Procedural syntax. In R. Carston, B. Clark, and K. Scott, editors, Relevance. CUP, 2018. +
-    Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Ruth Kempson, Matthew Purver, Greg J. Mills, Ronnie Cann, Wilfried Meyer-Viol, and Patrick G. T. Healey. Incrementality and intention-recognition in utterance processing. Dialogue and Discourse, 2(1):199–233, 2011. +
-    Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Christine Howes, and Ruth Kempson. Actionism in Syntax and Semantics. In Dialogue and Perception. CLASP Papers in Computational linguistics, 2019. +
-    Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Stergios Chatzikyriakidis, Arash Eshghi, Julian Hough, Christine Howes, Ruth Kempson, Jieun Kiaer, Matthew Purver, Mehrnoosh Sadrzadeh, and Graham White. Affordance Competition in Dialogue: The Case of Syntactic Universals. In Proceedings of SemDial (WatchDial2020), page 16, 2020a. +
-    Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Gregory James Mills, Christine Howes, Arash Eshghi, Stergios Chatzikyriakidis, Matthew Purver, Ruth Kempson, Ronnie Cann, and Patrick G. T. Healey. Completability vs (In)Completeness. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia, 52(2):260–284, July 2020b. ISSN 0374-0463. doi: 10.1080/03740463.2020.1795549. +
-    Harry Heft. Affordances and the Body: An Intentional Analysis of Gibson’s Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 19(1):1–30, 1989. ISSN 1468-5914. +
-    Edwin Hutchins. Enculturating the Supersized Mind. Philosophical Studies, 152(3):437–446, February 2011. ISSN 1573-0883. doi: 10.1007/s11098-⊂010-⊂9599-⊂8. +
-    Ruth Kempson, Wilfried Meyer-Viol, and Dov Gabbay. Dynamic Syntax. Blackwell, 2001. +
-    Gregory Mills and Eleni Gregoromichelaki. Establishing coherence in dialogue: sequentiality, intentions and negotiation. In Proceedings of SemDial (PozDial), 2010. +
-    Gregory Mills, Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Chris Howes, and Vladislav Maraev. Influencing Laughter with AI-mediated Communication. Interaction Studies, to appear. +
-    Alva Noë. Varieties of Presence. Harvard University Press, February 2012. ISBN 978-0-674-06301-3. +
-    Erik Rietveld, Damiaan Denys, and Maarten Van Westen. Ecological-Enactive Cognition as engaging with a field of relevant affordances. In The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition, page 41. Oxford University Press, 2018. +
-    Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi. Multiple Time-Scales of Language Dynamics: An Example From Psycholinguistics. Ecological Psychology, 22(4):269–285, October 2010. ISSN 1040-7413. doi: 10.1080/10407413.2010.517111. +
-    Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi and Iris Nomikou. Beyond mechanistic interaction: Value-based constraints on meaning in language. Frontiers in Psychology, 6:1579, 2015. ISSN 1664-1078. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01579. +
-    Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi and J. A. Scott Kelso. Reconciling symbolic and dynamic aspects of language: Toward a dynamic psycholinguistics. New Ideas in Psychology, 26(2):193–207, August 2008. ISSN 0732-118X. doi: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2007.07.003. +
-    Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi, Iris Nomikou, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. Young Children’s Dialogical Actions: The Beginnings of Purposeful Intersubjectivity. IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development, 5(3):210–221, September 2013. ISSN 1943-0612. doi: 10.1109/TAMD.2013.2273258. +
-    Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi, Agnieszka Dębska, and Adam Sochanowicz. Pooling the ground: Understanding and coordination in collective sense making. Frontiers in Psychology, 5:1233, 2014. ISSN 1664-1078. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01233. +
-    Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi, Iris Nomikou, Katharina J. Rohlfing, and Terrence W. Deacon. Language Development From an Ecological Perspective: Ecologically Valid Ways to Abstract Symbols. Ecological Psychology, 30(1):39–73, January 2018. ISSN 1040-7413. doi: 10.1080/10407413.2017.1410387. +